Electromagnetic Metasurface Fabricated by Printed Electronics and Its Applications

Recently, metasurface plays significant roles in manipulation of electromagnetic waves. The main fabrication methods are MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) technology and PCB (Printed circuit board) technology. Both methods face the challenges of complex fabrication processes, high cost, and severe pollution. In this thesis, the digitalized reaction on demand (DRoD) method, as a new printed electronic technology, was proposed to address the problems. In this method, the substrate was coated by PVA and nanoparticle composite to form a mesoporous ink absorption layer, followed by reduction functionalization. A novel silver ink was formulated to solve the problems of low conductivity, nozzle blocking, and complex preparing processing. As a demonstration, EM metasurface was fabricated via digitally and precisely control of silver reduction reaction. Moreover, a roll to roll process of metasurface printing via DRoD method was demonstrated. The developed technology provides a solution to produce metasurface with low cost, high quality, and large scale

Analisis Strategi Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keamanan Pangan HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) Di PT. Sierad Produce Tbk. Parung

Quality and safety food products problem was usually after thought in the food industry development issues, accordance with the consumer\u27s desirability that understand the importance of product quality and food safety. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) certification is one way for company to implementing food safety. Sierad Produce Corp. at this moment has obtained HACCP certificate to produce chicken carcasses.But the implementation need to be controlled, as the case of foodborne illness and foodborne disease can occur easily if not properly controlled. The main objective of this research is to develop the best strategy to implement HACCP and to maintain the food safety quality system at Sierad Produce Corp. The information and data that has been collected within this research were covering both the primary and secondary data based on the date of September 2012 to December 2012. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal External (IE), Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) and Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on this research, the best strategy for implementing HACCP and sustain the system on Sierad Produce are Critical Control Points (CCP) evaluation and improvement of production room

Twist exome capture allows for lower average sequence coverage in clinical exome sequencing

Background Exome and genome sequencing are the predominant techniques in the diagnosis and research of genetic disorders. Sufficient, uniform and reproducible/consistent sequence coverage is a main determinant for the sensitivity to detect single-nucleotide (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs). Here we compared the ability to obtain comprehensive exome coverage for recent exome capture kits and genome sequencing techniques. Results We compared three different widely used enrichment kits (Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon V5, Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon V7 and Twist Bioscience) as well as short-read and long-read WGS. We show that the Twist exome capture significantly improves complete coverage and coverage uniformity across coding regions compared to other exome capture kits. Twist performance is comparable to that of both short- and long-read whole genome sequencing. Additionally, we show that even at a reduced average coverage of 70× there is only minimal loss in sensitivity for SNV and CNV detection. Conclusion We conclude that exome sequencing with Twist represents a significant improvement and could be performed at lower sequence coverage compared to other exome capture techniques

A Solve-RD ClinVar-based reanalysis of 1522 index cases from ERN-ITHACA reveals common pitfalls and misinterpretations in exome sequencing

Purpose Within the Solve-RD project (https://solve-rd.eu/), the European Reference Network for Intellectual disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies aimed to investigate whether a reanalysis of exomes from unsolved cases based on ClinVar annotations could establish additional diagnoses. We present the results of the “ClinVar low-hanging fruit” reanalysis, reasons for the failure of previous analyses, and lessons learned. Methods Data from the first 3576 exomes (1522 probands and 2054 relatives) collected from European Reference Network for Intellectual disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies was reanalyzed by the Solve-RD consortium by evaluating for the presence of single-nucleotide variant, and small insertions and deletions already reported as (likely) pathogenic in ClinVar. Variants were filtered according to frequency, genotype, and mode of inheritance and reinterpreted. Results We identified causal variants in 59 cases (3.9%), 50 of them also raised by other approaches and 9 leading to new diagnoses, highlighting interpretation challenges: variants in genes not known to be involved in human disease at the time of the first analysis, misleading genotypes, or variants undetected by local pipelines (variants in off-target regions, low quality filters, low allelic balance, or high frequency). Conclusion The “ClinVar low-hanging fruit” analysis represents an effective, fast, and easy approach to recover causal variants from exome sequencing data, herewith contributing to the reduction of the diagnostic deadlock

Partial Portal Vein Arterialization Attenuates Acute Bile Duct Injury Induced by Hepatic Dearterialization in a Rat Model

Hepatic infarcts or abscesses occur after hepatic artery interruption. We explored the mechanisms of hepatic deprivation-induced acute liver injury and determine whether partial portal vein arterialization attenuated this injury in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either complete hepatic arterial deprivation or partial portal vein arterialization, or both. Hepatic ischemia was evaluated using biochemical analysis, light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Hepatic ATP levels, the expression of hypoxia- and inflammation-associated genes and proteins, and the expression of bile transporter genes were assessed. Complete dearterialization of the liver induced acute liver injury, as evidenced by the histological changes, significantly increased serum biochemical markers, decreased ATP content, increased expression of hypoxia- and inflammation-associated genes and proteins, and decreased expression of bile transporter genes. These detrimental changes were extenuated but not fully reversed by partial portal vein arterialization, which also attenuated ductular reaction and fibrosis in completely dearterialized rat livers. Collectively, complete hepatic deprivation causes severe liver injury, including bile infarcts and biloma formation. Partial portal vein arterialization seems to protect against acute ischemia-hypoxia-induced liver injury

Predictors of distant metastasis on exploration in patients with potentially resectable pancreatic cancer

Abstract Background Patients with potentially resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are frequently found to be unresectable on exploration due to small distant metastasis. This study was to investigate predictors of small distant metastasis in patients with potentially resectable PDAC. Methods Patients who underwent surgical exploration for potentially resectable PDAC from 2013 to 2014 were reviewed retrospectively and divided into two groups according to whether distant metastases were encountered on exploration. Then, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of distant metastasis. A scoring system to predict distant metastasis of PDAC on exploration was constructed based on the regression coefficient of a multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 235 patients were included in this study. Mean age of the study population was 61.7 ± 10.4 years old. Upon exploration, distant metastases were found intraoperatively in 62 (26.4%) patients, while the remaining 173 were free of distant metastases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that age ≤ 62 years old (p < 0.001), male sex (p = 0.011), tumor size ≥4.0 cm (p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase level (ALT) < 125 U/L (p < 0.001), and carbohydrate antigen (CA19–9) level ≥ 385 U/mL (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for occult distant metastasis of PDAC. A preoperative scoring system (0–8 points) for distant metastasis on exploration was constructed using these five factors. The receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the area under the curve of this score was 0.85. A score of 6 points was suggested to be the optimal cut-off value, and the sensitivity and specificity were 85% and 69%, respectively. Conclusions Distant metastasis is still frequently encountered on exploration for patients with potentially resectable PDAC. Younger age, male sex, larger tumor size, low ALT level and high CA19–9 level are independent predictors of unexpected distant metastasis on exploration

Effects of Stocking Density on Intestinal Health of Juvenile <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> in Industrial Aquaponics

Stocking density is a key factor affecting the health of aquatic organisms in industrial aquaponics. In this study, Micropterus salmoides were assigned to one of two density groups (160 and 120 fish/m3) for 40 days. The growth performance, intestinal morphology, enzyme activity, and microbial communities were compared between the two density groups. The findings revealed that the higher stocking density condition exhibited an increased weight gain rate and specific growth rate during the developmental phase of the juvenile M. salmoides. Moreover, remarkable increases in villi height, villi width, and muscular layer thickness were observed. Additionally, this elevated stocking density condition also enhanced the activity of intestinal antioxidant enzymes, consequently improving the structural integrity of the intestine and augmenting the digestive and absorptive capacities of the juvenile M. salmoides. With regard to the intestinal microbial community, the dominant phyla detected were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. However, under the higher stocking density condition, there was a significant upsurge in the abundance of Mycoplasma. Consequently, it is advised to mitigate the abundance of such pathogenic microorganisms through the regulation of the water environment during the aquacultural process. Drawing from recent investigations on the impact of various factors on the intestinal microbiota of M. salmoides, it can be deduced that the composition of the intestinal microbiota is closely intertwined with factors including aquaculture practices, feed composition, water environment, and developmental stage. In summary, the aforementioned research findings possess noteworthy implications for the control of stocking density in the cultivation of juvenile M. salmoides

Perioperative safety and prognosis following parenchyma-preserving surgery for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas

Abstract Background/objectives To evaluate perioperative safety and outcome of parenchyma-preserving pancreatectomy and risk factors of metastasis and recurrence for patients with solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN). Methods Demographic data, operative and pathological parameter, follow-up data of patients with SPN undergoing their first operation were collected in our single center from May 2016 to October 2021 and compared between regular pancreatectomy group and parenchyma-preserving surgery group. Risk factors for metastasis and recurrence were investigated. Results A total of 194 patients were included, 154 of whom were female and the average age of all patients was 33 years old. Most patients were asymptomatic, with the most common complaint being abdominal pain or discomfort. Of them, 62 patients underwent parenchyma-preserving pancreatectomy including middle segment pancreatectomy and enucleation, and 132 patients underwent regular pancreatectomy including pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy and total pancreatectomy. Patients in the parenchyma-preserving surgery group had a shorter duration of operation, less intraoperative bleeding, and decreased risk of combined organ removal and blood transfusion, with no statistical significance yet. The two groups exhibited a similar incidence of postoperative complications including grade B and C pancreatic fistula, delayed gastric emptying, postoperative pancreatic hemorrhage, and other complications, as well as radiological intervention, relaparotomy and the length of postoperative hospital stay. There were no perioperative deaths. All the patients, except 18 of those who discontinued follow-up, were alive with a median follow-up time of 31 months. Three patients in the regular pancreatectomy group were observed to have liver metastasis, and no metastasis was observed in the parenchyma-preserving surgery group. Significant risk factors for tumor metastasis and recurrence were tumor size, angioinvasion, and nerve infiltration. Conclusions Parenchyma-preserving surgery did not significantly increase the frequency of perioperative complications or recurrence and might be preferable if comprehensive conditions allow